The Morass, and Why the Peace Only Lasted Eight Days

I write about this war once a month, mostly for myself. Writing is how I think. Building an argument on the page is how I work out what might be happening and what might come next. The method earns its keep, but it keeps catching me out, because this war has surprised me more than once.

The cleanest miss was the last one. In June I argued the peace would hold, albeit messily, on two self-enforcing ceilings neither side could afford to break. It broke inside three weeks. I had the deal itself roughly right, having put a negotiated climbdown in May at better than three chances in four, and the memorandum arrived on cue on 17 June. What surprised me was how briefly it lasted, and that Iran discarded a settlement written largely in its favour.

Put the misses together and a pattern shows through. I keep expecting this thing to end. Brevity in March, a deal by summer in May, a durable settlement in June. The one outcome I kept discounting, the long grind, is the one we now have. It is becoming a morass.

There is a second habit sitting underneath that one, and I only caught it while writing this month's piece. I keep assuming the staff work has been done. In March I assumed serious planning lay upstream of the military execution. It did not. This month I assumed an agreement had been tested for workability before it was put to Iran. It had not. Both are the same error in different clothes. I keep crediting the US in this war with more competence than it possesses.

So I will pay less attention this month to what Tehran and Washington say, and more to what they do. This piece is mostly about the memorandum of 17 June, because a peace that died in eight days is the most instructive thing that has happened in this war. Understand why it could not survive and you understand why the morass is stable, and why the next attempt is likely to fail in much the same way. I close with the energy market, which is splitting in two, and with the forces that will shape the months either side of the November midterms.

Weekly Energy Prices Update

Crude

Weekly Energy Prices Update

With the war in Iran re-intensifying, I have returned to preparing a weekly energy update.

Crude

Brent is heading back towards $100 USD per barrel in the front month futures market.

Update on the Iran War; solved, next please

Context

Each month I have taken the opportunity to reflect on the war in Iran and consider what might happen next. This is the fifth piece in that series, and the first written after the war it has been tracking formally ended.

It ended on 17 June, at Versailles, on the sidelines of the G7. Trump and Pezeshkian signed a memorandum of understanding declaring the war over, reopening the Strait of Hormuz, lifting the US naval blockade, issuing waivers for Iranian crude, releasing frozen assets, committing to a reconstruction package, and parking the nuclear question in a sixty-day negotiating window. "It's signed," Trump told reporters leaving the palace. "Signed in Versailles. Just signed it."

Weekly Energy Update

Terminal Gate Prices

Prices at the pump will rise this week as the fuel excise is partially restored. This will see a 16c/l increase at the pump. 

Weekly Energy Update

The Strait, Again

• MoU signed 17 June (the Islamabad Declaration); last week's "wait for a signature" call now settled.

• Question shifts from whether it's signed to whether it holds and whether oil flows through the strait of Hormuz again; the early signs are not good.

• Iran declared Hormuz closed again Saturday 20 June, citing Israeli strikes on Hezbollah (an Iranian proxy in Lebanon). Iran needn't enforce its closure, since the declaration alone most likely freezes marine insurance and uninsured tankers don't sail. 

Raw products (prices pre-date 20 June closure)

Weekly Energy Update

We have heard it many times before: the United States is on the verge of a deal with Iran. Trump has announced breakthroughs that never materialised, and markets have learned to discount the rhetoric. This time appears different, and for one concrete reason. The progress is no longer just a presidential claim. On June 12, Pakistan, the mediator that brokered the ceasefire, publicly confirmed that both sides had agreed on the final text of the memorandum of understanding, the so-called Islamabad Declaration. A signing venue in Geneva is being arranged. Agreed text confirmed by a third-party government is a different animal from another "soon" on Truth Social, even if Tehran is still careful to stress that nothing is final until it is signed. My take: more believable this time, but let's see if it is actually signed.

Crude

Crude prices are reading it as optimism. Both benchmarks have rolled over from their May highs, with WTI settling at \$84.88 and Brent at \$87.33 to close the week. 

Weekly Energy Update

 Australian Fuel Gate Prices

Of note: the Fair Work Commission has a proposal before it to extend the diesel cost pass-through for truckies. 

Update on the Iran War

Context

Each month I have taken the opportunity to reflect on the war in Iran and consider what might happen next. This is the fourth piece in that series.

Eighty-nine days after Operation Epic Fury began, the war is closer to its end than it has been at any prior point. The Mexican standoff I described on 1st May appears to be resolving in substance, with Trump taking a Bath, which the May piece called as the most likely outcome. Trump has not yet signed and surrendered. But the question is less whether he will and increasingly: when he will.

On 23 May US time, Trump posted on Truth Social that a deal had been "largely negotiated, subject to finalization." The deal as described in regional press includes an official declaration of the war's end, a 30 to 60 day window for nuclear talks, gradual reopening of the Strait of Hormuz with Iran continuing to manage access on a fee basis, and US ending its blockade of Iranian ports. Iran's foreign ministry, through spokesperson Esmail Baghaei, publicly described the emerging text as a "framework agreement." Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf travelled to Qatar to take part. Fars News, the IRGC-affiliated outlet that had spent two months denying that negotiations were occurring, confirmed implementation details and corrected Trump's characterisation by stating publicly that Iran would continue to manage the waterway.

This is largely the same deal Iran put on the table on 28 April. The terms have not moved in Trump's favour. The position has been publicly acknowledged by Iran for the first time. The signature has not yet arrived.

Weekly Energy Update

 Wholesale prices

Wholesale prices were up a touch at the end of this week.

Weekly Energy Update

Australian Wholesale Prices (Cents per litre)

Weekly Energy Update

Australian Wholesale Fuel Prices

Weekly Energy Update

 Crude prices/futures

Update on the Iran War: the Mexican Standoff

Where Things Stand

Sixty-one days after Operation Epic Fury began, the war has settled into a structure neither side wants to call by its real name. The shooting has mostly stopped. Nothing else has been resolved.

A two-week ceasefire took effect on 8 April after Pakistani mediation. Trump has since extended it indefinitely. Both sides have accused each other of repeated violations. On 11 and 12 April, US and Iranian officials met face-to-face in Islamabad for twenty-one hours, the highest-level direct talks since 1979. They produced nothing. By 12 April Vance had publicly conceded no agreement. By 13 April the US Navy had imposed its own blockade on Iranian ports. By 18 April Iran had reimposed the Hormuz closure it nominally lifted the previous day.

This is the war now. A dual blockade with no agreed terms, no fixed deadline, and no visible off-ramp. Iran controls the Strait of Hormuz. The United States controls Iranian ports. Both sides are inflicting sustained economic pain on each other and on third parties who never asked to be involved. US Central Command (CENTCOM) has redirected 38 ships from Iranian ports. Iran has reduced Hormuz traffic to a trickle. The Pentagon has assessed that mine clearance alone could take six months.

Weekly Energy Price Update

 Spot prices

Weekly energy price update.

On Friday, Iran's Foreign Minister announced that the Strait of Hormuz had been reopened to commercial vessels, coinciding with the Israel-Lebanon ceasefire. The announcement occurred after markets had closed for the weekend in Australia but before they had closed in Europe or the United States. While Iran states the strait is fully operational for commercial traffic, vessels must use Iranian-designated routes and obtain permission from Iranian authorities. The US naval blockade of Iranian ports remains in place. Markets reacted strongly to the news, with oil prices falling sharply and stock indices reaching record highs.

Crude oil benchmarks

Weekly update: energy prices

 Global benchmark prices

Updated weekly fuel prices

Updated Energy Benchmarks

Groupthink with a Group of One

Introduction

Before the war:

1. Iran didn't control the Strait of Hormuz. Now it does.
2. Iranian oil was sanctioned. Now it isn't.
3. Iran was not building a nuclear weapon. Now it will.
4. US bases in the Gulf were assets. Now they are liabilities.
5. US inflation was declining. Now it is increasing.

That five-point summary, from financial analyst @TheMaverickWS, is the most concise strategic audit of Operation Epic Fury yet written. Each point is directionally clear, even if the margins of some are debated. One note on point one: control doesn't require a physical blockade. Iran's missile threat has been sufficient to make the risk calculus unacceptable to insurers and ship operators alike. The result is functionally identical – traffic has stopped. Together the five points describe a war that has actively worsened the situation on every dimension it claimed to be addressing. File it away. We will return to it.